Tom2

Tom2 :D:D:D


 * 1. Describe the difference between leukocyte and white blood cells. **

A protein is a molecule that is made with Amino acids, the protein is combined by peptide bonds. Virus and bacteria have a protein coating over their genetic material (RNA or DNA.)
 * 2. The term proteins are frequently used in the study of immunology. Explain the term/concept proteins. **

The black death, was spread by fleas, these fleas would live on rats, cats, dogs basically any animal with fur on it. The fleas then would bite humans and spread the virus its a bit like Malaria, malaria is passed on to humans by a mosquito bite. The black death spread through Europe very fast, this is because of trade, when countries traded the infected rats and humans would travel on a boat and when they got to the country they wanted to take the goods to the people would get infected, also in the middle ages people weren't very hygienic in some families the people from the family could only take a shower once every month, if you lived in royalty maybe once in a week! The major reason is that people didn't know exactly what was the cause of the black death, people thought it was a punishment from god or something like that, the people never knew that the plague came from a virus and also medicine in the middle ages was expensive and not very good so because of that the plague spread.
 * 3. Explain why the Black Death virus, which has caused millions of deaths, was deadly using concepts of immunology. **

//**a) what does it mean - 20% fatality rate? **// It means that if you do get the bird flu, you have a 20% chance of dying.
 * 4. The recent bird flu virus, H7N9, has a 20% fatality rate if one is infected. **

//**b) How is this virus different from a common flu virus? **// The bird flu is different than a regular flu because we have no way to fight it off, this virus had never infected humans before so it is very dangerous right now, Also the virus is much stronger than the common flu.

//**c) Are there ways to prepare our body immune system against such fatal, deadly virus? **//Even though there is no vaccines against this virus, we can always make our immune system stronger by getting enough sleep, eating properly not taking harmful substances such as alcohol, drugs and smoking.

//**d) The bird flu virus wasn't infectious to humans before; explain why it could become viral and harmful to humans. **//The bird flu might've merged with another virus, viruses are constantly changing their composition and shape, this makes them more resistant to antivirals and also sometimes gives them the ability to infect other living organisms.

//**e) Right now, the flu is unable to infect a person through human to human transmission; if it can infect through human to human transmissions, what could have changed in the virus? **//