Eman

Eman

__ 1) Write 7 most important or meaningful science words that help you to understand immunology. Give a simple definition to each words. __


 * Phagocytes:** //Phagocytes are a type of white blood cells that are involved in the inflammatory response.//
 * Leukocytes:** //Leukocytes are a type of white blood cells, and are in the second line of defense of the immune response.//
 * Lymphocytes**: //Lymphocytes are white blood cells which includes B cells and T cells, and are in the third line of defense in the immune response.//
 * Humoral Response:** //Humoral response is when B cells divide themselves up into memory cells and effector cells.//
 * Opsonization:** //Opsonization is when free antibodies bond with the pathogen's epitope so that it's easier for B cells to pick them up.//
 * Inflammatory Response:** //Inflammatory response is when phagocytic cells engulf pathogens and break down the proteins into smaller molecules then amino acid//.
 * Epitope:** //Epitope is the part on the pathogen where variable portions on membrane-bound antibodies bond with the pathogen.//

__ 2) In 30 minutes, showcase/demonstrate your best or deepest understanding of immunology, with explanation; begin with a question or title (e.g. how __ works?)

If pathogens didn't get effected by the first line of defense, the phagocytes will engulf the pathogen. After they have engulfed the pathogens, phagosomes inside the cell would break down the antigens into smaller protein molecules and then into amino acid.

If there is a new pathogen that has never entered the human body before, the antibodies would bond with the pathogen's epitope. After the B cell has been activated, it would divide itself into multiple versions, memory cells and plasma/effector cells. Memory cells would stick around with the same antibodies as the original one, and would be able to bond with the pathogen's epitope if it ever invaded the human body again. Effector cells would create free antibodies that have the same variable portions as the original membrane-bound antibodies.