Anton2

__**Anton**__ __1. Describe the difference between leukocyte and white blood cells. __ The difference between leukocytes and white blood cells is that leukocytes, is basically every part of your immune system. White blood cells is just a part of the immune system. White blood cells is kind of a section inside your immune system and all of the sections together are called leukocytes.

__2. The term proteins are frequently used in the study of immunology. Explain the term/concept proteins. __ Protein is something that people need in our bodies. We need it because it gives us strength and energy. Proteins can come from food and drinks. //But// if we eat too much of this, the body can't handle it and there is a risk of dying, which is why proteins are a kind of pathogen.

__3. Explain why the Black Death virus, which has caused millions of deaths, was deadly using concepts of immunology. __ The Black Death was very deadly because there were so many people who got infected and let the spread onto others. There was not only humans who carried this virus, but also rats. The rats were able to spread this virus onto food, drinks, people, and basically anything. For example when the food gets infected by this virus. During this time when the Black death was current, people would eat anything they found because of the stores that were closed, etc. Also, people would have a hard time sleeping because of they frightened of dying and these two things, weakens you immune system. So if they found this is infected food without knowing it was infected they would eat it. As the virus entered your immune system and faced the stomach acid, there wasn't any chance for the stomach acid to kill it because of the weakened and not as strong immune system.

__4. The recent bird flu virus, H7N9, has a 20% fatality rate if one is infected. __ It means that you basically only have a 20% chance of surviving the flu.
 * a) What does it mean - 20% fatality rate? **

It is different and more dangerous compared to another flu since it it birds who are responsible for the flu. Birds fly all over the world and it is easier for them to spread the disease than for humans. Another reason for that it's more dangerous is that the food, and other things that the birds eat are normally very bad.
 * b) How is this virus different from a common flu virus? **

The best way to keep your immune system strong is by eating well and sleeping well as I mentioned before. Staying healthy is also another good way for keeping your immune system strong. A good way to //prepare// for such fatal and deadly viruses is by vaccinating yourself.
 * c) Are there ways to prepare our body immune system against such fatal, deadly virus? **


 * d) The bird flu virus wasn't infectious to humans before; explain why it suddenly turned viral and harmful to humans. **

 Birds spread the virus really well but I think that it would have been much easier to spread the virus could be spread from human to human. The reason for this is because people do physical contacts with each other, touch things, eat things, etc all the time. This would have been much faster to spread if humans would be able to infect humans.
 * e) Right now, the flu is unable to infect a person through human to human transmission; if it can infect through human to human transmissions, what could have changed in the virus? **