Ahnaf

=**Ahnaf:**=

__Vocabulary:__

- Leukocytes = Types of white blood cells - Antigen= A foreign particle that triggers an immune response - Antibodies= Cells that remember a particular antigen - B cells = Cells produced in the bone marrow and the producer of antibodies - Antigen presenting cell = Cells that present a peptide from the pathogen it has killed to the lymphocytes - Inflammatory response = Biological response that brings all the needed cells to the cut - Non-specific immunity = Cells that are not directly part of creating immunity, (Innate Immunity)

__How immunology works:__

- The immune system is responsible for protecting our body from harmful pathogens. The immune system has 2 lines of defense before it creates immunity to a antigen. The first line is composed of the outer barriers such as our skin, mucus and stomach acids. These components all have it's own way of dealing with things. For example the oil in our skin is too much for some pathogens. If the mucus is not capable of killing the pathogen it traps it in it's moist form. Then when we swallow the mucus containing the pathogens down the stomach acids which have a p.H. of 2 terminates the pathogen cell. This process is for the daily life pathogens that commonly found. A large scale Immune response is formed when a pathogen/antigen enters the bloodstream (e.g: cut or injection). Once the pathogen has entered the body Leukocytes rush to it and tries to neutralize it. The process of the white blood cells rushing to the infected area is called an inflammatory response. If however the pathogen beats the second line of defense it comes down to the phagocytes. A phagocyte's job is to kill a pathogen. The process begins by the phagocyte engulfing the pathogen cell. This creates a vessicle inside the phagocyte for in which the pathogen is staying. Phagocytes are made of a bunch of other cells inside it. One of the cells inside the phagocyte contains a substance that reacts to the pathogen and kills it. Therefore after the pathogen is engulfed that cell moves closer to the pathogen's vessicle and release's it's content and kills the pathogen but leave small peptides/antigens. The phagocyte then takes a peptide and presents it onto it's surface. After a T cell comes and kills that antigen but remembers that specific type of antigen. Next the B cells take that memory and produces antibodies which from then on searches the body for that specific antigen. And finally the body is immune to that antigen it just killed. :)