Andrei

__Task:__ 1) Write 7 most important or meaningful science words that help you to understand immunology. Give a simple definition to each word. 2) In 30 minutes, showcase/demonstrate your best or deepest understanding of immunology, with explanation; begin with a question or title (e.g. how --- works?)

__Antibody:__ Antibodies are a big part of the immune system. Antibodies are a form protein that is found on cells. They are also found on B-Cells and they help the B-Cells attach to pathogens. There a a lot of antibodies in our body (around 10^10), some weeded out, but there are still billions left. Antibodies become useful when a pathogen attacks. What happens is the B-Cell with the antibodies attaches itself to the pathogen and starts cloning itself, and since the antibodies are part of the B-Cell, they get cloned too.

__Lymphocytes:__ Lymphocytes are a small type of leukocytes, which are a form of white blood cells. They come in two forms, T-Cells, which are made in the thymus and B-Cells which are made in the Bone Marrow. T-Cells can be classified into two groups, Helper T-Cells and Cytotoxic T-Cells. There are also two types of B-Cells which are effector/plasma cells which produce antibodies and memory cells which memorise the pathogen.

__Phagocytes:__ Phagocytes are a form of lymphocytes (smaller form of leukocytes). Their main role is to patrol the bloodstream and engulf the oncoming pathogens. They do this by attaching the receptors on them to the proteins located on the outside of the pathogen. After this they start to engulf the pathogen, this is called a "phagozome". Once this is done they start their digestive process, the first step is the release of different chemicals, such as lysozymes that carry super reactive oxygen substances, because the substance is very reactive it will break down the pathogen. Then a Antigen Presenting Cell will carry a small bit of the antigen on itself. This is called MHC, or Major Histocompatibility Cell. __Inflammation:__ Inflammation appears as a bump of a red or pink colour, it is usually found around a wound. It happens when there is damage done to the body tissue. It releases more white blood cells.

__Specific Immunity:__ Specific immunity is when white blood cells target a specific type of pathogen. Antibodies on the B-Cells are a big part of this. They will only target a certain type of pathogen. T-Cells and B-Cells, both found in the third line of defense are a major part of this.

__Non-Specific Immunity:__ Non-Specific Immunity is when the chemicals, microorganisms or physical barriers don't target anything in particular, and instead just attack everything that seems bad. Phagocytes, found in the second line of defense are a big part of this.

__Lines of Defense:__ There are three lines of defense. The first line of defense has physical and chemical barriers such as the skin, fingernails, hair, mucous, stomach acid etc. The second line of defense has phagocytes, which patrol the bloodstream and engulf any oncoming pathogens. The third line of defense has B-Cells and T-Cells which help remember and terminate the pathogens.